Organelles are the tiny structures that make up the cells of living organisms. They are specialized structures that have specific functions and are essential for the proper functioning of the cell. This article will discuss four organelles, labeled G, which are centrioles, lysosomes, ribosomes, and mitochondria. It will provide an overview of each organelle and its function, as well as a comparison between the four organelles.
Centrioles
Centrioles are organelles that are made up of nine triplets of microtubules arranged in a ring. They are present in most animal cells, but not in plant cells. They are located near the nucleus and are involved in cell division.
Lysosomes
Lysosomes are organelles that are responsible for breaking down macromolecules and other cellular material. They are made up of hydrolytic enzymes and are surrounded by a membrane. They are found in both plant and animal cells.
Ribosomes
Ribosomes are organelles that are responsible for protein synthesis. They are made up of two subunits, the large subunit and the small subunit, and are located in the cytoplasm. They are found in both plant and animal cells.
Mitochondria
Mitochondria are organelles that are responsible for the production of energy in the form of ATP. They are made up of two membranes, the inner and outer membrane, and are surrounded by cristae which contain enzymes involved in the production of ATP. They are found in both plant and animal cells.
Functions of Organelles
Each organelle has a unique function that is essential for the proper functioning of the cell. The functions of the centriole, lysosome, ribosome, and mitochondria are discussed below.
Centriole Function
The centriole is involved in cell division. It helps to organize the microtubules that make up the mitotic spindle, which is necessary for the separation of the chromosomes during cell division.
Lysosome Function
The lysosome is responsible for breaking down macromolecules and other cellular material. It contains hydrolytic enzymes that break down molecules into smaller molecules that can be used by the cell.
Ribosome Function
The ribosome is responsible for protein synthesis. It is composed of two subunits, the large subunit and the small subunit, which are responsible for the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids, resulting in the formation of proteins.
Mitochondria Function
The mitochondria is responsible for the production of energy in the form of ATP. It contains enzymes that are involved in the production of ATP, which is used by the cell for various metabolic processes.
Comparison of Organelles
The centriole, lysosome, ribosome, and mitochondria are all organelles that are found in both plant and animal cells. They all have unique functions that are essential for the proper functioning of the cell. The centriole is involved in cell division, the lysosome is involved in breaking down macromolecules, the ribosome is involved in protein synthesis, and the mitochondria is involved in the production of energy in the form of ATP.
Summary of Organelles
Organelles are essential for the proper functioning of the cell. The four organelles labeled G are the centriole, lysosome, ribosome, and mitochondria. The centriole is involved in cell division, the lysosome is involved in breaking down macromolecules, the ribosome is involved in protein synthesis, and the mitochondria is involved in the production of energy in the form of ATP. Each of these organelles is essential for the proper functioning of the cell.
In summary, the four organelles labeled G are the centriole, lysosome, ribosome, and mitochondria. Each of these organelles has a unique and essential function for the proper functioning of the cell. The centriole is involved in cell division, the lysosome is involved in breaking down macromolecules, the ribosome is involved in protein synthesis, and the mitochondria is involved in the production of energy in the form of ATP.
